implement non-guava Precondition checkArgument

As part In order to replace Guava Preconditions, we need to implement our own versions of the API.
This Jira is to add the implementation checkArgument to the existing class org.apache.hadoop.util.Preconditions

The plan is as follows

• implement org.apache.hadoop.util.Preconditions.checkArgument with the minimum set of interface used in the current hadoop repo.
• we can replace guava.Preconditions by org.apache.hadoop.util.Preconditions once all the interfaces have been implemented.
• We need the change to be easily to be backported in 3.x.

A previous jira HADOOP-17126 was created to replace CheckNotNull. HADOOP-17930 is created to implement checkState.

CC: stevel@apache.org, vjasani